The complete list of the 1000 Most Common Latin Vocabulary Words

We created this list of the 1000 most common Latin words through a statistical analysis of a large collection of ancient Latin texts, including:

works by the Roman poets Ovid, Virgil and Horace
works by the Roman scholar Cicero
writings by Julius Caesar
writings by the stoic philosopher Seneca

Latin is a highly inflected language, so words appearing in texts often have different endings compared to their dictionary form. Lemmatization, a method from natural language processing, was applied to convert the terms to their dictionary form before counting their occurrences and sorting them by frequency.

This Latin vocabulary list is sorted by decreasing order of frequency, meaning that the words at the top are more common than those further down the list.

In Latin dictionaries, verbs are often indexed using the first-person singular form rather than the infinitive form. This is the convention that we followed in this vocabulary list.

Famous Latin quotes have been included for some of these vocabulary words to provide context. In addition, in cases where a Latin word is the root of an English word, this is sometimes mentioned in the commentary.

The buttons below can be used to filter this list by word type (noun, verb, adjective, etc.. ).

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sum

[verb]

(I am)

In most languages, the verb “to be” ranks near the top of the list of most common words, and Latin is no exception.
et

[conjunction]

(and)

An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the expression: “adaequatio rei et intellectus” which means “correspondence of mind and reality”.
qui

[pronoun]

(who)

This Latin pronoun is the origin of the words “qui” in French, “chi” in Italian, “quien” in Spanish, and “quem” in Portuguese.
in

[preposition]

(in)
is

[determiner]

(it)
non

[particle]

An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the saying: “palma non sine pulvere” which means “no victory without effort”.
ut

[conjunction]

This Latin conjunction is followed by the subjunctive. It appears in this famous Latin phrase by the Roman poet Ovid: “ut ameris, amabilis esto” which means “to be loved, be lovable”.
ad

[preposition]

This word appears in a Latin expression which is used in English: “ad hoc” which means “not previously planned but created only for a particular purpose”.
hic

[adjective]

Latin is a language that doesn’t have definite or indefinite articles. However, demonstratives such as “hic”, “ille” and “is” are among the most common words in Latin.
ab

[preposition]

(from)

An example of a Latin phrase containing the preposition ab is “ab uno disce omnes” from Virgil's Aeneid. This phrase, which translates to “from one, learn all”, refers to situations where a universal truth can be learned by observing a single sample.
cum

[preposition]

This Latin preposition also appears in the academic expression “cum laude” meaning “with praise”.
si

[conjunction]

An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the saying: “omnia dicta fortiora si dicta Latina” which means “everything said is stronger if said in Latin”.
facio

[verb]

(I do)
dico

[verb]

(I say)

This Latin verb is the root of the English word “diction” which refers to the style of enunciation when speaking.
ille

[determiner]
possum

[verb]

(I can)

This Latin verb appears in the phrase “possunt quia posse videntur” by the Roman poet Virgil, which translates to “they can because they think they can”.
omnis

[adjective]

A noun form of This Latin word appears in the phrase “omnia vincit amor” by the Roman poet Virgil, which translates to “love conquers all”.
suus

[determiner]
de

[preposition]
se

[pronoun]

This reflexive pronoun exists not only in Latin, but also in many Romance languages including French and Spanish.
ex

[preposition]

(from, out of)

This word appears in the Latin phrase “Deus ex machina” which means “god from a machine”.
ego

[pronoun]

(I)

In Latin, the word “ego” is simply the first-person singular pronoun.
sed

[conjunction]

(but)
res

[noun]

(thing)

The reason why this is such a common Latin word is that it has a wide range of meanings, including “thing,” “event,” and “issue.”
ipse

[determiner]

(himself)

A declined form of this word appears in the Latin expression “ipso facto” which means “by the fact itself” and which refers to a direct consequence.
atque

[conjunction]

(and)
tu

[pronoun]

(you)

In this ranking of the most common Latin words, not far below the first-person singular pronoun “ego”, we find the second-person singular pronoun “tu”.
quod

[conjunction]

(which)

This word appears in the Latin phrase “quod erat demonstrandum” (abbreviated by its initials as QED) which is commonly used in mathematics and translates to “which was to be demonstrated”.
enim

[conjunction]
habeo

[verb]

(I have)
per

[preposition]

In addition to being used as a preposition, this word also serves as a Latin prefix.
aut

[conjunction]

(or)

This word appears in the following Latin phrase by Seneca, a Roman philosopher: “necesse est aut imiteris aut oderis” which means “you must either imitate or loathe the world”.
alius

[adjective]

(another)

The English words alien and alienate are derived from the Latin word alius.
autem

[conjunction]
nec

[conjunction]

(nor)

This Latin word appears in the expression “nec plus ultra” which literally means “nothing further beyond”, and which is used to refer to the “state of the art”.
etiam

[adverb]

(also)
quis

[pronoun]

(who)

An example phrase containing this Latin word is: “Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?”. This phrase by the Roman poet Juvenal can be translated into English as “Who will watch the watchmen?”
quam

[conjunction]

(how)
vel

[conjunction]

(or)
do

[verb]

(to give)

In Latin, the verbs do and dono are synonyms. The English word donation comes from this Latin root.
homo

[noun]

(man)

This Latin word appears in the expression “homo homini lupus” which means “man is a wolf to man”.
idem

[pronoun]

(the same)
multus

[adjective]

(many, much)
meus

[determiner]

(my)
magnus

[adjective]

(great)
quia

[conjunction]

(because)
tuus

[determiner]

(your)

This is the possessive form of the pronoun “tu” which is higher up in this Latin frequency dictionary.
noster

[determiner]

(our)
tamen

[conjunction]

This word is a synonym of the term “sed” which appears higher up in this list of Latin words.
ne

[conjunction]
pars

[noun]

(a part)
causa

[noun]

(cause)
tempus

[noun]

(a time)
nomen

[noun]

(name)
filius

[noun]

(a son)

The etymology of the English adjective filial can be traced back to the Latin word filius.
unus

[numeral]

(one)

The Latin word unus appears (in an inflected form) in the motto of the United States of America: “e pluribus unum” which translates to “out of many, one”.
dies

[noun]

The accusative form of this Latin word appears in the expression “Carpe diem” which is translated as “seize the day”.
ita

[adverb]

(so)
nos

[pronoun]
locus

[noun]

(a place)

The Latin term locus is the root of the English words location and local.
pro

[preposition]

(for)

The Latin phrase “quid pro quo”, which translates to “something in exchange for something else”, contains this preposition.
modus

[noun]
rex

[noun]

(king)

Descendents of the Latin word “rex” are found in the Romance languages: “roi” in French, “re” in Italian, “rey” in Spanish, and “rei” in Portuguese.
deus

[noun]

(god)
quidam

[pronoun]
debeo

[verb]

(to owe)
iam

[adverb]

(already)
primus

[adjective]

(first)
terra

[noun]

(the Earth)

The Latin word terra means either “the ground” or “the planet Earth” depending on the context. The English word terrestrial comes from this Latin root.
nihil

[pronoun]

(nothing)

This Latin word is the root of the English word “nihilism”.
pater

[noun]

(father)

The Latin word “pater” is the origin of the words “père” in French, “padre” in Italian, “padre” in Spanish, and “pai” in Portuguese.
neque

[conjunction]
quoque

[adverb]

(too)
corpus

[noun]

(body)

This Latin word is used in English in the context of linguistics, where it refers to a collection of written texts.
ago

[verb]

(to act)

This Latin verb is the origin of the French verb “agir” which features among the 1000 most common French words.
iste

[determiner]
quidem

[adverb]

(indeed)
opus

[noun]

(work)
nisi

[conjunction]

(unless)
populus

[noun]
nullus

[pronoun]

(none)
liber

[noun]

(book)

This basic Latin word is the root of the English word “library”.
accipio

[verb]
vero

[adverb]
inter

[preposition]

(between)

This Latin preposition is also used as a prefix. It appears in English words such as “international” and “interdisciplinary”.
bonum

[noun]
sicut

[conjunction]

(as)
genus

[noun]

(kind)
duo

[numeral]

(two)
totus

[adjective]
animus

[noun]
nunc

[adverb]

(now)
sine

[preposition]

(without)

This word appears in a Latin expression used in English: “sine qua non” which refers to an indispensable condition.
ante

[preposition]

(before)

This Latin preposition appears, for example, in the expression “honestas ante honores” which means “honesty before glory”.
dominus

[noun]

(master)
bellum

[noun]

(war)

This word appears in the Latin expression “casus belli”, which translates to “cause for war”.
sic

[adverb]

An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the expression: “macte virtute sic itur ad astra” which means “those who excel, thus reach the stars”.
ubi

[adverb]

(where)

This Latin word appears in the saying “ubi amor, ibi dolor”, which translates to “where there is love, there is pain”.
quaero

[verb]

(I ask)
tam

[adverb]
scribo

[verb]

(I write)

This is the Latin root of the English verb “to inscribe”.
aliquis

[pronoun]

(someone)

The Latin word “aliquis” is the origin of the words “alguien” in Spanish, and “alguém” in Portuguese.
post

[preposition]
bonus

[adjective]

(good)
alter

[adjective]

(the other)
nam

[conjunction]

(for)
credo

[verb]

(I believe)
lex

[noun]

Descendents of this basic Latin vocabulary word are found in the Romance languages: “loi” in French, “legge” in Italian, “ley” in Spanish, and “lei” in Portuguese.
ius

[noun]

(right)
ratio

[noun]

(reason)
fides

[noun]

(faith)
fero

[verb]
apud

[preposition]

(at)
igitur

[conjunction]

(therefore)
an

[conjunction]

(or)
quasi

[conjunction]

(as if)
manus

[noun]

(hand)

The English adjective “manual” comes from this Latin word.
lego

[verb]

Descendents of the Latin word “lego” are found in the Romance languages: “lire” in French, “leggere” in Italian, “leer” in Spanish, and “ler” in Portuguese.
annus

[noun]

(year)
mitto

[verb]

(I send)
super

[preposition]
exercitus

[noun]
natura

[noun]

(nature)
ergo

[adverb]

(therefore)

An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the argument by the French philosopher Descartes: “cogito, ergo sum” which translates to “I think, therefore I am”.
domus

[noun]

(house)
tantum

[adverb]

(only)
scio

[verb]

(to know)
audio

[verb]

(I hear)
actio

[noun]

(action)
mors

[noun]

(death)
contra

[preposition]
tum

[adverb]

(then)
intellego

[verb]

(I understand)
summus

[adjective]
publicus

[adjective]

(public)
peto

[verb]

(I ask)

This Latin verb is the root of the English word “petition”.
sequor

[verb]
puto

[verb]
aio

[verb]

(to say)
malum

[noun]

Depending on the length of the first vowel, this Latin word can either mean “an evil” or “an apple”.
miles

[noun]

(a soldier)

This Latin term is the root of the English words “military” and “militia”.
magis

[adverb]

(more)

An example of a Latin saying containing this adverb is: “amicus Plato, sed magis amica veritas” which translates to “Plato is my friend, but truth is a better friend”.
inquam

[verb]

(I say)
pono

[verb]

(to place)
propter

[preposition]
sive

[conjunction]

(or)
gens

[noun]
aliqui

[determiner]

(some)
relinquo

[verb]

(to abandon)
sub

[preposition]

(under)

This preposition is also used as a prefix that appears in English words such as “submarine” and “subtitle”
loquor

[verb]

This Latin term is the root of the English word “loquacious” which means “chatty”.
licet

[verb]

This Latin term is the root of the English word “illicit”.
uterque

[pronoun]
dum

[conjunction]

(while)
Dei

[proper noun]
castra

[noun]

(camp)
minus

[adverb]
Deus

[proper noun]
morior

[verb]

(I die)
reddo

[verb]
teneo

[verb]
iudicium

[noun]

(judgment)
ceterus

[adjective]
mens

[noun]

(mind)
quoniam

[conjunction]

(since)
gero

[verb]

(I carry)
frater

[noun]

(brother)
solus

[adjective]

(alone)
cognosco

[verb]
dux

[noun]

(leader)
usque

[adverb]

(until)
tantus

[adjective]

(so much)
respondeo

[verb]
pecunia

[noun]

(money)
solum

[adverb]

(only)
consilium

[noun]

(plan)
utor

[verb]

(I use)
soleo

[verb]
ordo

[noun]
nascor

[verb]

The Latin word “nascor” is the origin of the words “naître” in French, “nascere” in Italian, “nacer” in Spanish, and “nascer” in Portuguese.
secundum

[preposition]

(according to)
semper

[adverb]

(always)
caelum

[noun]

(heaven)

The Latin word “caelum” is the origin of the terms “ciel” in French and “cielo” in Spanish.
praesto

[adverb]
duco

[verb]

(I lead)

This verb is related to the noun “dux” which means “leader”.
satis

[adverb]
medius

[adjective]

(middle)
iudex

[noun]

(judge)
recipio

[verb]

The resemblance between the Latin word “recipio” and the English word “recipe” is not random. The two words are etymologically related.
sanctus

[participle]
deinde

[adverb]

(then)
cor

[noun]

This Latin word appears for example in the phrase “cor ad cor loquitur” which translates to “heart speaks to heart".
talis

[adjective]

(such)
mater

[noun]

(mother)
mos

[noun]
proprius

[adjective]
certus

[adjective]
regnum

[noun]

(kingdom)
tres

[numeral]

(three)
refero

[verb]
patior

[verb]

(I suffer)
appello

[verb]
inde

[adverb]

(thence)
sententia

[noun]
ideo

[adverb]

(therefore)
gratia

[noun]

(grace)
quisque

[pronoun]
tunc

[adverb]

(then)
iudico

[verb]

(I judge)
usus

[noun]

(use)
singulus

[adjective]
oportet

[verb]
capio

[verb]

(I take)

This Latin word is found for example in the phrase “aquila non capit muscas” which translates to “an eagle doesn't catch flies” and means that an important person doesn't deal with things which are insignificant.
finis

[noun]

(end)
heres

[noun]

(heir)
princeps

[adjective]
unde

[adverb]

(whence)
contineo

[verb]

(I hold)
anima

[noun]

(soul)
officium

[noun]

(office)
potestas

[noun]

(power)
trado

[verb]
ager

[noun]

(field)
oculus

[noun]

(eye)
urbs

[noun]

(a city)

This Latin vocabulary word is the root of the English adjective “urban”.
adhuc

[adverb]

(still)
similis

[adjective]

(like)
labor

[noun]

(work)

The Latin word labor appears in the phrase “labor omnia vincit” by the Roman poet Virgil, which translates to “hard work conquers all”.
persona

[noun]
suscipio

[verb]
ob

[preposition]
occido

[verb]
Dominus

[proper noun]
aqua

[noun]

(water)

The Latin word “aqua” is the origin of the terms “eau” in French, “acqua” in Italian, “agua” in Spanish, and “água” in Portuguese.
nemo

[pronoun]

(no one)
littera

[noun]

(letter)
postea

[adverb]
nosco

[verb]

(I know)
ibi

[adverb]

(there)
caro

[noun]
ignis

[noun]

(fire)

This Latin word is similar to the Sanskrit word “agní” which also means “fire”. In fact, Latin and Sanskrit are both languages from the Indo-European family, and they originate from a common ancestor language called the Proto-Indo-European language. See this article on Latin vs Sanskrit.
Deo

[proper noun]
quantum

[adjective]
principium

[noun]
uxor

[noun]

(a wife)
urbis

[noun]
communis

[adjective]

(common)
species

[noun]
placeo

[verb]

(to please)
honor

[noun]

(honor)
ullus

[adjective]

(any)
pax

[noun]

(peace)

This Latin word is the origin of the French word “paix”, which has preserved the final letter ‘x’ but made it silent. It is also the origin of the words “pace” in Italian, “paz” in Spanish, and “paz” in Portuguese.
amicus

[noun]

This simple Latin vocabulary word is the origin of the words “ami” in French, “amico” in Italian, as well as “amigo” in Spanish and in Portuguese.
hereditas

[noun]

(inheritance)
humanus

[adjective]

(human)
quando

[conjunction]

(when)

The Latin word “quando” is the origin of the words “quand” in French, “quando” in Italian, “cuando” in Spanish, and “quando” in Portuguese.
spiritus

[noun]
constituo

[verb]
hos

[pronoun]
redeo

[verb]
siue

[conjunction]
legatum

[noun]
tertius

[numeral]
ars

[noun]

(art)
cogo

[verb]

(I force)
libertas

[noun]

(freedom)
fructus

[noun]

(fruit)
probo

[verb]
transeo

[verb]
vos

[pronoun]

(you)
aetas

[noun]
quisquam

[pronoun]

(anyone)
possessio

[noun]

(possession)
reliquus

[adjective]
mulier

[noun]

(a woman)

The Latin word “mulier” is the origin of the words “moglie” in Italian, “mujer” in Spanish, and “mulher” in Portuguese.
sanguis

[noun]

(blood)
iubeo

[verb]

(to command)
pes

[noun]

(a foot)
eo

[verb]
coepi

[verb]

(I began)
videtur

[verb]
nox

[noun]

(night)

This basic Latin vocabulary word is the origin of the words “nuit” in French, “notte” in Italian, “noche” in Spanish, and “noite” in Portuguese.
magne

[adjective]
lux

[noun]

(light)

This basic Latin vocabulary word is the origin of the words “luce” in Italian, “luz” in Spanish, and “luz” in Portuguese.
senatus

[noun]
simul

[adverb]

(at the same time)
paro

[verb]
promitto

[verb]

(I promise)
secundus

[adjective]
signum

[noun]
spes

[noun]

(hope)

This is the noun form of the verb “spero”.
itaque

[adverb]

(therefore)
ostendo

[verb]
bene

[adverb]

(well)
os

[noun]

(mouth)
iustus

[adjective]

(just)
restituo

[verb]
patrius

[adjective]
peccatum

[noun]

(sin)

The Latin word “peccatum” is the origin of the words “péché” in French, “peccato” in Italian, in addition to “pecado” in Spanish and ib in Portuguese.
imperator

[noun]

(emperor)
maneo

[verb]
malus

[adjective]

(bad)
praedico

[verb]
sentio

[verb]

(I feel)
auctor

[noun]

(author)
adversus

[preposition]
numquam

[adverb]

(never)
uerus

[adjective]
mons

[noun]
testamentum

[noun]

(testament)
pertineo

[verb]

(I belong)
tamquam

[adverb]

(as if)
sermo

[noun]

(speech)

This Latin word is the root of the English word “sermon”.
imperium

[noun]
quicumque

[pronoun]

(whoever)
numerus

[noun]

(number)
sensus

[noun]

(sense)
Domini

[proper noun]
forma

[noun]

(form)
oratio

[noun]

(speech)
instituo

[verb]
potius

[adverb]

(rather)
fortuna

[noun]

(fortune)

This Latin word appears in the saying “audentes fortuna iuvat”, which translates to “fortune favors the bold”.
arma

[noun]
infero

[verb]
proximus

[adjective]

(next)
propono

[verb]
alienus

[adjective]

In terms of its etymology, this word simply comes from the word “alius” which means “other”.
sacer

[adjective]

(sacred)
gloria

[noun]

(glory)
poena

[noun]

(punishment)
sapientia

[noun]

(wisdom)

This Latin word appears in the saying “beatus homo qui invenit sapientiam”, which translates to “blessed is the man who finds wisdom”.
fundus

[noun]

(farm)
praecipio

[verb]
defero

[verb]
supra

[preposition]

(above)
forte

[noun]
doceo

[verb]

(I teach)
cura

[noun]

(care)
offero

[verb]
vobis

[pronoun]
cunctus

[adjective]
scientia

[noun]
salus

[noun]
possideo

[verb]
Deum

[proper noun]
mundus

[noun]
praesum

[verb]
consto

[verb]
quisquis

[pronoun]
consul

[noun]

(consul)
consulo

[verb]
adeo

[adverb]
superior

[adjective]

(higher)
equus

[noun]

(a horse)

This Latin noun is the root of the English adjective “equestrian” which means “related to horseback riding”.
pretium

[noun]

(price)
caput

[noun]
nolo

[verb]

(I do not want)
diligo

[verb]
muto

[verb]
quantus

[adjective]

(how many)
amor

[noun]

(love)

The Latin word “amor” is the root of the English adjective “amorous”.
auctoritas

[noun]

(authority)
confero

[verb]
exemplum

[noun]

(example)
par

[adjective]
amo

[verb]

(I love)

This word also appears in the phrase “si vis amari ama” by the philosopher Seneca, which translates to “if you want to be loved, love”.
prohibeo

[verb]

(I forbid)

The English words “prohibit” and “prohibition” come from this Latin word.
sto

[verb]

(I stand)
altus

[adjective]

(high)
prior

[adjective]

(prior)
circa

[preposition]

(about)

This Latin preposition is also used in English.
vita

[noun]

(life)

This is a Latin word which many English speakers will recognize because it appears (in an inflected form) in the Latin term “Curriculum vitae” which is commonly abbreviated as CV.
scilicet

[adverb]

(of course)
casus

[noun]
consequor

[verb]
quilibet

[pronoun]

(anyone)
longus

[adjective]

(long)
verbis

[noun]
efficio

[verb]
appareo

[verb]

(I appear)
materia

[noun]

(matter)
sumo

[verb]

(I take)
legio

[noun]

(a legion)
curo

[verb]
quattuor

[numeral]

(four)
mare

[noun]

(sea)
timeo

[verb]

(I fear)
paucus

[adjective]
proelium

[noun]

(a battle)
hinc

[adverb]

(hence)
nego

[verb]

(I deny)
sol

[noun]

This Latin vocabulary word is the origin of the words “soleil” in French, “sole” in Italian, as well as “sol” in Spanish and Portuguese.
libero

[verb]
tot

[determiner]

(so many)
prius

[adjective]
mereo

[verb]
tollo

[verb]
plerusque

[adjective]
absum

[verb]
lingua

[noun]

This Latin word appears in the expression “lingua franca” which means “common language”.
utique

[adverb]
dignitas

[noun]
qualis

[determiner]
puer

[noun]

(a child)

This Latin vocabulary word can be recognized as a root in the English word “puerile” which means “childish and immature”.
statim

[adverb]

(immediately)
multitudo

[noun]

(multitude)

This Latin word contains the Latin “multi-” which means “more than one”.
munus

[noun]

(office)
necesse

[adjective]

(necessary)
occupo

[verb]

(I occupy)
aeternus

[adjective]

(eternal)
exsisto

[verb]
cur

[adverb]

(why)
familia

[noun]
posterus

[adjective]
traho

[verb]
significo

[verb]
condicio

[noun]
studium

[noun]

(study)
at

[conjunction]
memoria

[noun]

(memory)
ira

[noun]

(anger)

This Latin noun is the root of the English word “irate”.
iniurius

[adjective]
intra

[preposition]
item

[adverb]
defendo

[verb]

(to defend)
nomino

[verb]
multo

[adverb]
lapis

[noun]

(a stone)
periculum

[noun]

(danger)

The Latin word “periculum” is the origin of the words “péril” in French, “pericolo” in Italian, “peligro” in Spanish, and “perigo” in Portuguese.
cogito

[verb]

(I think)
auris

[noun]
status

[noun]

(state)
motus

[noun]
audeo

[verb]

(I dare)

This Latin verb is related to the noun “audax” meaning “bold” and “daring”. This term can be identified as a root in the English word “audacity”.
ultimus

[adjective]
iusum

[adverb]
quippe

[particle]
committo

[verb]

(I commit)
concedo

[verb]
parens

[noun]

(parent)
verba

[noun]
ingredior

[verb]
uiuo

[noun]
omnino

[adverb]
pereo

[verb]

(I perish)
certe

[adverb]

(certainly)
auxilium

[noun]

(help)
desum

[verb]
sacerdos

[noun]

(priest)
praeter

[preposition]

(except)
vitae

[noun]
verum

[adverb]
templum

[noun]
Romani

[proper noun]
saepe

[adverb]

(often)
ingenium

[noun]
adsum

[verb]
addo

[verb]

(I add)
longe

[adverb]
oro

[verb]
facies

[noun]

(face)
pugna

[noun]

(a fight)

That this term is among the most common Latin words is perhaps a sign that the Roman civilization was not always the most peaceful. This term can be recognized as a root in the English word “pugnacious”.
utrum

[conjunction]

(whether)
ultra

[preposition]

(beyond)
dubito

[verb]

This word appears in the Latin proverb “ubi dubium, ibi libertas” which means “where there is doubt, there is freedom”.
dolor

[noun]

(pain)
intersum

[verb]
iustitia

[noun]

(justice)
membrum

[noun]

(member)
accido

[verb]

(I happen)
necessitas

[noun]

(necessity)
haud

[adverb]
aer

[noun]

(air)
eligo

[verb]

(choose)
colo

[verb]
flumen

[noun]

(river)
apostolus

[noun]
depono

[verb]
procedo

[verb]

(I proceed)
copia

[noun]

(supply)
venit

[verb]
Israhel

[proper noun]
mox

[adverb]

(soon)
decem

[numeral]

(ten)
diu

[adverb]

(for a long time)
praetor

[noun]

(praetor)
permitto

[verb]
postquam

[conjunction]

(after)
rursus

[adverb]
aurum

[noun]

(gold)

In the periodic table of the elements, the symbol for gold, "Au", comes from the Latin word aurum.
spero

[verb]

(I hope)

The Latin word spero gave rise to the terms “espérer” in French, “sperare” in Italian, as well as “esperar” in Spanish and Portuguese.
beatus

[adjective]

(blessed)
tandem

[adverb]

(finally)
exterior

[adjective]

(exterior)
fere

[adverb]

(almost)
regio

[noun]
quamvis

[adverb]

(however)
futurus

[participle]
error

[noun]
angelus

[noun]
clarus

[adjective]

(clear)

The Latin word “clarus” is the origin of the words “clair” in French, “chiaro” in Italian, as well as “claro” in Spanish and in Portuguese.
dexter

[adjective]

(right)
egredior

[verb]
sustineo

[verb]
insula

[noun]

(island)
miser

[adjective]

(miserable)
accedo

[verb]
plus

[adjective]

(more)
ample

[adverb]
plenus

[adjective]

(full)

This Latin word is the root of the English word “plenary”, most commonly used in the expression “plenary session” which refers to a session of a conference where all participants are expected to be present.
retineo

[verb]
deduco

[verb]
misceo

[verb]

(I mix)
armis

[noun]
viri

[noun]
iter

[noun]

(a journey)
ignoro

[verb]

(I do not know)
fortis

[adjective]

(strong)

A related form of this Latin adjective appears in the expression “calamus gladio fortior” which means “the pen is mightier than the sword”.
gradus

[noun]
donec

[conjunction]

(until)
amitto

[verb]
praesidium

[noun]

(protection)
existimo

[verb]
dono

[verb]
etsi

[conjunction]

(though)
beneficium

[noun]

(benefit)
irascor

[verb]

(I am angry)
filia

[noun]

(daughter)

This basic Latin word is the origin of the words “fille” in French, “figlia” in Italian, “hija” in Spanish, and “filha” in Portuguese.
esse

[verb]
praebeo

[verb]
nescio

[verb]

(I do not know)
potior

[verb]
vi

[noun]
ferrum

[noun]

(iron)
prope

[preposition]

(near)
quamquam

[conjunction]

(though)
metus

[noun]

(fear)
recte

[adverb]

(correctly)
saeculum

[noun]
unusquisque

[pronoun]

(each one)
antiquus

[adjective]

(ancient)
timor

[noun]

(fear)
cado

[verb]

(I fall)
competo

[verb]
servus

[noun]

(a servant)
interim

[adverb]

(in the meantime)
color

[noun]

(color)
initium

[noun]

(beginning)
fugio

[verb]

(I flee)
nobilis

[adjective]

(noble)
inferus

[adjective]
spatium

[noun]

(space)
paulus

[adjective]
inimicus

[adjective]
scriptura

[noun]

(a writing)
rogo

[verb]
persequor

[verb]
dimitto

[verb]
fama

[noun]

(fame)
meritum

[noun]

(merit)
acies

[noun]
subeo

[verb]
postulo

[verb]
statuo

[verb]
sapiens

[participle]

(wise)
necessarius

[adjective]
tribuo

[verb]
creditor

[noun]

(creditor)
multum

[adverb]

(a lot)
dos

[noun]

(gift)
sacrificium

[noun]

(sacrifice)
religio

[noun]
impleo

[verb]
naturalis

[adjective]
ecce

[interjection]
aperio

[verb]

(to uncover)
actus

[noun]

(act)
mensura

[noun]
episcopus

[noun]
defungor

[verb]
umquam

[adverb]

(ever)
contingo

[verb]
vis

[noun]

(force)
centum

[numeral]

(a hundred)
exigo

[verb]

(I demand)
sedeo

[verb]
iterum

[adverb]

(again)
imago

[noun]

(image)
condo

[verb]
forum

[noun]

(forum)

This Latin word is the same as its English counterpart. English is a Germanic language which has not evolved from Latin, however there are still many English vocabulary words which come from Latin.
murus

[noun]
iussus

[noun]

(command)
mortalis

[adjective]

(mortal)
viam

[noun]
dignus

[adjective]

(worthy)
consule

[noun]
propheta

[noun]

(prophet)
laudo

[verb]
excipio

[verb]
aliquando

[adverb]

(sometimes)
nuntio

[verb]
tanto

[adjective]
origo

[noun]
pietas

[noun]

(piety)
disco

[verb]

(to learn)
uero

[adjective]
Domino

[proper noun]
semen

[noun]

(seed)
gigno

[verb]
vir

[noun]

This Latin word resembles the Sanskrit word “vira”. Both Latin and Sanskrit are languages that derive from the Proto-Indo-European language. For more on this, see this comparison of Latin and Sanskrit.
rego

[verb]

(I rule)
denique

[adverb]

(finally)
specto

[verb]
confiteor

[verb]

(I confess)
abeo

[verb]
pugno

[verb]
taceo

[verb]

(I am silent)
falsus

[participle]
affero

[verb]

(I bring)
nondum

[adverb]

(not yet)
lignum

[noun]
damnum

[noun]

(loss)
consisto

[verb]
similitudo

[noun]

(likeness)
parum

[adverb]
censeo

[verb]

(I think)
soror

[noun]

(sister)
uoco

[verb]
substantia

[noun]

(substance)
magistro

[verb]
cedo

[verb]
profero

[verb]
descendo

[verb]

(to descend)
ascendo

[verb]

(I go up)
edo

[verb]

(I eat)
instruo

[verb]
obligo

[verb]
crimen

[noun]
ora

[noun]
extra

[preposition]
impero

[verb]

(I command)
dispono

[verb]
delinquo

[verb]
femina

[noun]

This Latin word is the origin of the French word “femme” which also means “woman”.
praetereo

[verb]
intro

[verb]
philosophus

[noun]

(philosopher)
decedo

[verb]
huiusmodi

[adverb]
obtineo

[verb]
militia

[noun]
contrarius

[adjective]
fatum

[noun]

(fate)
quinque

[numeral]

(five)
numero

[verb]
civitatem

[noun]
campus

[noun]
illic

[pronoun]
perpetuus

[adjective]

(perpetual)
repeto

[verb]
praeda

[noun]

(prey)
percipio

[verb]

(I perceive)
intellectus

[noun]

(understanding)
Caesar

[proper noun]
integer

[adjective]

(complete)
mando

[verb]
culpa

[noun]

(fault)

This Latin word can be recognized as a root in the English word “culprit”.
contraho

[verb]
loco

[verb]
animal

[noun]
regius

[adjective]
supero

[verb]
ii

[pronoun]
testis

[noun]

(witness)
corrumpo

[verb]
furor

[verb]
tutor

[noun]

(guardian)
incertus

[adjective]

(uncertain)
coniungo

[verb]
quartus

[numeral]

(fourth)
creatura

[noun]

(creature)
velut

[adverb]

(as if)
amplus

[adjective]

(large)
admitto

[verb]
tempto

[verb]
aufero

[verb]
exspecto

[verb]
via

[noun]

(road)
praefero

[verb]
quin

[adverb]
gladius

[noun]

(sword)

The Latin term “gladiator” is derived from this word.
iuxta

[preposition]

(next to)

This Latin preposition can be recognized as a root in the English word “juxtaposition”.
Christi

[proper noun]
capus

[noun]
lumen

[noun]

(light)
damno

[verb]
resisto

[verb]
Romanis

[proper noun]
magister

[noun]

(teacher)
pateo

[verb]
scelus

[noun]

(crime)
creo

[verb]
civitates

[noun]
discedo

[verb]

(I leave)
exhibeo

[verb]
merces

[noun]

(wages)

This is the Latin root of the English word mercenary.
laus

[noun]

(praise)

This Latin word is the origin of the Italian word “lode”. As a Romance language, Italian derives from Latin, hence the similarities between Italian and Latin.
consuetudo

[noun]

(a custom)
quemadmodum

[adverb]

(how)
diabolus

[noun]

(devil)
regno

[verb]
concipio

[verb]
videri

[verb]
cupio

[verb]
civitate

[noun]
facultas

[noun]

(ability)
nimius

[adjective]

(too much)
habitus

[participle]
arbitror

[verb]
desidero

[verb]

(I miss)
iungo

[verb]
sedes

[noun]

(seat)
deficio

[verb]
convenit

[verb]
definio

[verb]

(I define)
pauper

[adjective]

(poor)
emptor

[noun]

(buyer)

This word appears in the famous Latin expression “caveat emptor”, which translates to “let the buyer beware”.
cesso

[verb]
aequus

[adjective]

(equal)
aestimo

[verb]
perdo

[verb]
fundo

[verb]
doctrina

[noun]

(teaching)
comparo

[verb]
porta

[noun]

(gate)
mora

[noun]

(delay)
praefectus

[noun]

(commander)
cibus

[noun]

(food)
remitto

[verb]

(to remit)
adhibeo

[verb]
male

[adverb]

(badly)
ingens

[adjective]

(huge)
dirigo

[verb]
dubius

[adjective]

The Latin word dubius is the origin of the English word dubious.
expedio

[verb]
oppono

[verb]

(I oppose)
modicus

[adjective]

This Latin adjective is the origin of the French adjective “modique”. As a Romance language, French comes from Latin, hence the similarities between French and Latin.
praeceptum

[noun]

(precept)
verbum

[noun]

(word)

This Latin word appears in the expression “acta non verba” which means “deeds not words”.
interrogo

[verb]
socius

[noun]
senatum

[noun]
potentia

[noun]

(power)
pario

[verb]
sors

[noun]

(lot)
conficio

[verb]
fraus

[noun]

(fraud)
adicio

[verb]
transfero

[verb]
puella

[noun]

(a girl)
stella

[noun]

(a star)

This Latin word is the root of the English adjective “stellar”.
tracto

[verb]
pariter

[adverb]
opinio

[noun]
cito

[verb]
incipio

[verb]

(I begin)
demonstro

[verb]

(I show)
facilis

[adjective]

(easy)
facile

[adverb]

(easily)
Christo

[proper noun]
misericordia

[noun]

(mercy)
iulianus

[adjective]

(Julian)
opprimo

[verb]
plebs

[noun]
arbor

[noun]

(a tree)

The Latin word “arbor” is the origin of the words “arbre” in French, “albero” in Italian, “árbol” in Spanish, and “árvore” in Portuguese.
tribunus

[noun]
quomodo

[adverb]
fidelis

[adjective]

(faithful)
viginti

[numeral]

(twenty)
procurator

[noun]

(manager)
nitor

[verb]
turba

[noun]

(crowd)
differo

[verb]
cursus

[noun]
disciplina

[noun]

(training)
honestus

[adjective]
exceptio

[noun]

(an exception)
compono

[verb]
aliter

[adverb]

(otherwise)
veluti

[adverb]
consulatus

[noun]

(consulship)
impono

[verb]
diligenter

[adverb]

(carefully)
conspectus

[participle]
utilis

[adjective]

(useful)
custodio

[verb]

(guard)
Romam

[proper noun]
sufficio

[verb]
profectus

[noun]

The Latin word “profectus” is the origin of the words “profit” in French, “profitto” in Italian, “provecho” in Spanish, and “proveito” in Portuguese.
hora

[noun]
exeo

[verb]
coram

[adverb]
finio

[verb]

(I finish)
quaestio

[noun]
fuga

[noun]

(flight)
magnitudo

[noun]

(size)
videlicet

[adverb]
lateo

[verb]
arbitrium

[noun]

(decision)
emo

[verb]
vera

[adjective]
Christus

[proper noun]
noceo

[verb]
dolus

[noun]

(deceit)
subito

[participle]
hodie

[adverb]

(today)
habito

[verb]
effectus

[noun]

(result)
rescribo

[verb]
hostis

[noun]

(the enemy)
cumque

[adverb]
ecclesia

[noun]

(church)
decerno

[verb]

(I decide)
caedes

[noun]
quotiens

[adverb]
perfectus

[participle]

(perfect)
pronuntio

[verb]
considero

[verb]

(I consider)
epistula

[noun]
destino

[verb]
quies

[noun]
provinciae

[noun]
confirmo

[verb]
ictus

[participle]

(hit)
Christum

[proper noun]
proficiscor

[verb]
tenebra

[noun]

(darkness)
Caesaris

[proper noun]
praetorium

[noun]

(headquarters)
saepius

[adverb]
testimonium

[noun]

(testimony)
felix

[adjective]

(happy)

This basic Latin adjective is the origin of the words “felice” in Italian and “feliz” in Spanish and Portuguese. It is also the root of the English term “felicity”.
occurro

[verb]
cognitio

[noun]
caelestis

[adjective]

(celestial)
voluntate

[noun]
utilitas

[noun]

(utility)
intendo

[verb]
miror

[verb]
Romae

[noun]
stipulatio

[noun]

(stipulation)
venire

[verb]

This Latin verb is used in a famous Latin phrase attributed to Julius Caesar: “Veni, vidi, vici” which means “I came, I saw, I conquered”.
antequam

[conjunction]

(before)
odium

[noun]

(hatred)
iaceo

[verb]
tego

[verb]

(I cover)
profecto

[adverb]

(indeed)
exitus

[noun]

(exit)
vix

[adverb]

(hardly)
durus

[adjective]

(hard)
aedes

[noun]
cultus

[noun]
oleum

[noun]
adduco

[verb]
contendo

[verb]
tango

[verb]
congrego

[verb]
impedio

[verb]
septem

[numeral]

(seven)
creator

[noun]

(creator)
civitatis

[noun]
pecco

[verb]

(I sin)
armo

[verb]

(arm)
induco

[verb]
continuus

[adjective]

(continuous)
mirus

[adjective]
debitor

[noun]

(debtor)
insum

[verb]
careo

[verb]
quanto

[adjective]
primo

[adverb]

(first)
penitus

[adjective]
tantummodo

[adverb]

(only)
como

[verb]
desero

[verb]

(I leave)
praemium

[noun]
orbis

[noun]

This Latin word is the root of the English word “orbit” which refers to a circular or elliptical recurring trajectory.
excito

[verb]
expugno

[verb]
cogitatio

[noun]

(thought)
impetro

[verb]
equis

[pronoun]
iuro

[verb]
philosophia

[noun]

(philosophy)

Philosophia is a word that the Latin language borrowed from Ancient Greek. Ancient Rome had its share of philosophers, including Marcus Aurelius and Seneca. It is hard to know if philosophy played as significant a role in ancient Rome as it did in ancient Greece, but it played enough of a role for this term to appear among the most common Latin words.
adquiro

[verb]
accuso

[verb]
procul

[adverb]

(at a distance)
occulo

[verb]
terminus

[noun]
societas

[noun]
servum

[noun]
vere

[adverb]
laboro

[verb]
vestra

[adjective]
edico

[verb]
rectus

[participle]

(straight)
effundo

[verb]
praeterea

[adverb]

(moreover)
instrumentum

[noun]
voce

[noun]
pendeo

[verb]
circulus

[noun]

(a circle)
manifestus

[adjective]
expono

[verb]
sane

[adverb]
natio

[noun]

(nation)
voluit

[verb]
nonnullus

[adjective]

(some)
remaneo

[verb]
immo

[adverb]
certamen

[noun]

(struggle)
orior

[verb]

(I rise)
obsidio

[noun]

(siege)
mas

[noun]

(male)
Hierusalem

[proper noun]
interdico

[verb]
Romano

[proper noun]
legatio

[noun]
perduco

[verb]
monstro

[verb]
erro

[verb]
mille

[numeral]
colligo

[verb]
quare

[adverb]
proprie

[adjective]
prodeo

[verb]
tempero

[verb]
umbra

[noun]

(a shadow)

This Latin word is the root of the English word “umbrella”.
viris

[noun]
Italia

[proper noun]
flamma

[noun]

(flame)
felicitas

[noun]

(happiness)
pupillus

[noun]

(orphan)
moneo

[verb]

(I advise)
nonne

[adverb]
sacramentum

[noun]
simplex

[adjective]

(simple)
Romanos

[proper noun]
pector

[verb]
possessor

[noun]

(possessor)
decet

[verb]
neglego

[verb]
incido

[verb]
adoro

[verb]
suburbanus

[adjective]
testor

[verb]
obligatio

[noun]

(obligation)
supplex

[adjective]
auro

[verb]
Romanorum

[proper noun]
idoneus

[adjective]

(suitable)
olim

[adverb]

(once upon a time)
reperio

[verb]

(I find)
prudentia

[noun]

(prudence)
divina

[adjective]
porro

[adverb]
indico

[verb]

(I indicate)
extendo

[verb]

(I extend)
gratus

[adjective]

An inflected form of this adjective appears in the Latin expression “persona non grata” which literally means “person not pleasing” and which refers to an “unwelcome person”.
fallo

[verb]
valde

[adverb]

(very)
mandatum

[noun]

(command)
requiro

[verb]
argumentum

[noun]

(argument)
prex

[noun]
succedo

[verb]
triginta

[numeral]

(thirty)
videntur

[verb]
discrimen

[noun]
emitto

[verb]
testator

[noun]
commendo

[verb]

(I recommend)
experior

[verb]

(I try)
paco

[verb]
celebro

[verb]
amnis

[noun]

(river)
memoro

[verb]
tergo

[verb]
commodus

[adjective]

(comfortable)
furtum

[noun]

(theft)
interficio

[verb]
quiesco

[verb]

(I rest)
vim

[noun]
praeparo

[verb]
videatur

[verb]
vitam

[noun]
sino

[verb]
matrimonium

[noun]

(marriage)
Paulus

[proper noun]
exerceo

[verb]
spons

[noun]
momentum

[noun]
comedo

[verb]
excello

[verb]
comprehendo

[verb]
priusquam

[conjunction]

(before)
praepono

[verb]
virtute

[noun]

(by virtue)
impendo

[verb]
desino

[verb]
curia

[noun]

(court)
poeta

[noun]

(poet)
vestrum

[pronoun]
occasio

[noun]

(occasion)
prosum

[verb]
consumo

[verb]

(I consume)
penes

[preposition]
semel

[adverb]

(once)
subicio

[verb]
munio

[verb]
rapio

[verb]
pontifex

[noun]
urbes

[noun]
oppugno

[verb]
circuitus

[noun]

(circuit)
gaudeo

[verb]
Romanus

[adjective]
repens

[participle]

(crawling)
subdo

[verb]
impetus

[noun]
turbo

[noun]
opinor

[verb]
duplex

[adjective]

(double)
latro

[noun]

The Latin word “latro” is the root of the English word “larceny” which is a synonym of “theft”.
paternus

[adjective]

(paternal)

This adjective is derived by adding the suffix “-nus” to the noun “pater” which means “father”.
protinus

[adverb]

(immediately)
licentia

[noun]

(a license)
respicio

[verb]
aequor

[noun]
principis

[noun]
adiungo

[verb]

(I add)
argentum

[noun]

(silver)
turpis

[adjective]

(ugly)
condemno

[verb]

(I condemn)
inclino

[verb]
ejus

[pronoun]
difficilis

[adjective]

(difficult)
ciuitas

[noun]
titulus

[noun]
nimis

[adverb]

(too much)
inanis

[adjective]

(empty)
parco

[verb]
ordino

[verb]
virorum

[noun]
patro

[verb]
desiderium

[noun]

(desire)
punio

[verb]
ripa

[noun]

(bank)
animo

[verb]
pignus

[noun]

(pledge)
ultro

[adverb]
nuptiae

[noun]

(marriage)
clamo

[verb]
tempestas

[noun]

(weather)
praemitto

[verb]
iniquus

[adjective]

(unjust)
excedo

[verb]
separo

[verb]
vult

[verb]
memini

[verb]

(I remember)
declino

[verb]

(decline)
supplicium

[noun]
distinguo

[verb]

(I distinguish)
minuo

[verb]

(reduce)
plane

[adverb]

(clearly)
sublimis

[adjective]
donum

[noun]

(gift)
militaris

[adjective]
Italiam

[proper noun]
terror

[noun]

(terror)
pondus

[noun]

(weight)
terrenus

[adjective]

(earthly)
sapio

[verb]
prae

[adverb]

(before)
defensio

[noun]
universa

[adjective]
reficio

[verb]
frumentum

[noun]

(corn)
agnosco

[verb]

(I recognize)
orator

[noun]

(orator)
cornus

[noun]
cerno

[verb]
defensor

[noun]
recedo

[verb]
educo

[verb]
Iudas

[proper noun]